Question 1

What is hypertensive retinopathy grading?

Accepted Answer

In the medical sector, hypertensive retinopathy grading happens across four stages or categories. This division is done via hypertensive retinopathy classification system known as Keith Wegener Barker grades.

Grade 1: In this, narrowing of the arteries and high blood pressure are mild. In this grade/stage, there are no symptoms.
Grade 2: Narrowing of arteries and high blood pressure is more elaborate, and barely any symptoms are present.
Grade 3: There are visible signs of damage like bleeding or retinal haemorrhage with white patches on the retina. In this stage, symptoms may or may not be present. 
Grade 4: In this stage of hypertensive retinopathy grade 3+ papilledema or swelling of the optic nerve are clearly present.

Question 2

What is silver wiring hypertensive retinopathy?

Accepted Answer

In silver wiring hypertensive Retinopathy,  when there is thickening and chronic vascular wall hyperplasia, which gives off a reflection similar to silver.

Question 3

What is the bonnet sign in hypertensive Retinopathy?

Accepted Answer

The diagnosis of hypertensive Retinopathy is based on fundoscopic features since it is asymptomatic in most cases. Below we have briefly mentioned three signs of Htn retinopathy:

Gunn’s sign- This is referred to the tapering of the vein (retinal) on one of the sides of the AV crossing.
Salu’s sign- This is the deflection of the vein (retinal) as it smoothly crosses over the arteriole.
Bonnet’s sign- This is the banking of the vein (retinal) that is away from the AV crossing.

Question 4

What are the symptoms of hypertensive Retinopathy?

Accepted Answer

Hypertensive Retinopathy does not show any clear signs or symptoms unless the situation deteriorates extensively. Below are some of the may symptoms of hypertensive Retinopathy:

Swelling in the eyes
Chronic headaches
Double vision
Bursting of blood vessels 
Reduced vision

Exudative Retinal Detachment

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